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   7 .TH INTRO 7 "Sep 29, 1994"
   8 .SH NAME
   9 Intro, intro \- introduction to special files
  10 .SH DESCRIPTION
  11 .sp
  12 .LP
  13 This section describes various device and network interfaces  available on the
  14 system.  The types of interfaces described  include character and block
  15 devices, STREAMS modules, network protocols, file systems, and ioctl requests
  16 for driver subsystems and classes.
  17 .sp
  18 .LP
  19 This section contains the following major collections:
  20 .sp
  21 .ne 2
  22 .na
  23 \fB(7D)\fR
  24 .ad
  25 .RS 9n
  26 The system provides drivers for a variety of hardware devices, such as disk,
  27 magnetic tapes, serial communication lines, mice, and frame  buffers, as well
  28 as virtual devices such as pseudo-terminals and windows.
  29 .sp
  30 This section describes special files that refer to specific hardware
  31 peripherals and device drivers. STREAMS   device drivers are also described.
  32 Characteristics of both the hardware device and the corresponding device driver
  33 are discussed where applicable.
  34 .sp
  35 An application accesses a device through that device's special file. This
  36 section specifies the device special file to be used to access the device as
  37 well as application programming interface (API) information relevant to the use
  38 of the device driver.
  39 .sp
  40 All device special files are located under the  \fB/devices\fR directory.  The
  41 \fB/devices\fR directory hierarchy attempts to mirror the hierarchy of system
  42 busses, controllers, and devices configured on the system.   Logical device
  43 names for special files in \fB/devices\fR are located under the  \fB/dev\fR
  44 directory. Although not every special file under \fB/devices\fR will have a
  45 corresponding logical entry under  \fB/dev\fR, whenever possible, an
  46 application should reference a device using  the logical name for the device.
  47 Logical device names are listed in the  \fBFILES\fR section of the page for the
  48 device in question.
  49 .sp
  50 This section also describes driver configuration where applicable. Many device
  51 drivers have a driver configuration file of the form
  52 \fIdriver_name\fR\fB\&.conf\fR associated with them (see
  53 \fBdriver.conf\fR(4)). The configuration information stored  in the driver
  54 configuration file is used to configure the driver and the device.  Driver
  55 configuration files are located in  \fB/kernel/drv\fR and
  56 \fB/usr/kernel/drv\fR. Driver configuration files for platform dependent
  57 drivers are  located in \fB/platform/`uname\fR \fB-i`/kernel/drv\fR where
  58 \fB`uname\fR \fB-i`\fR is the output of the  \fBuname\fR(1) command with the
  59 \fB-i\fR option.
  60 .sp
  61 Some driver configuration files may contain user configurable  properties.
  62 Changes in a driver's configuration file will not take effect until the system
  63 is rebooted or the driver has been removed and re-added (see  \fBrem_drv\fR(1M)
  64 and  \fBadd_drv\fR(1M)).
  65 .RE
  66 
  67 .sp
  68 .ne 2
  69 .na
  70 \fB(7FS)\fR
  71 .ad
  72 .RS 9n
  73 This section describes the  programmatic interface for several file systems
  74 supported by SunOS.
  75 .RE
  76 
  77 .sp
  78 .ne 2
  79 .na
  80 \fB(7I)\fR
  81 .ad
  82 .RS 9n
  83 This section describes ioctl requests which apply to a class of drivers or
  84 subsystems. For example, ioctl requests which apply to most tape devices are
  85 discussed in  \fBmtio\fR(7I). Ioctl requests relevant to only a specific
  86 device are described on the man page for that device. The page for the device
  87 in question should still be examined for exceptions to the ioctls listed in
  88 section 7I.
  89 .RE
  90 
  91 .sp
  92 .ne 2
  93 .na
  94 \fB(7M)\fR
  95 .ad
  96 .RS 9n
  97 This section describes  \fBSTREAMS\fR modules.  Note that  \fBSTREAMS\fR
  98 drivers are discussed in section 7D. \fBstreamio\fR(7I) contains a list of
  99 ioctl requests used to manipulate \fBSTREAMS\fR modules and interface with the
 100 \fBSTREAMS\fR framework.  Ioctl requests specific to a  \fBSTREAMS\fR module
 101 will be discussed on the man page for that module.
 102 .RE
 103 
 104 .sp
 105 .ne 2
 106 .na
 107 \fB(7P)\fR
 108 .ad
 109 .RS 9n
 110 This section describes various network protocols available in SunOS.
 111 .sp
 112 SunOS supports both socket-based and \fBSTREAMS-based\fR network
 113 communications. The Internet protocol family, described in \fBinet\fR(7P), is
 114 the primary protocol family supported by SunOS, although the system can support
 115 a number of others.  The raw interface provides low-level services, such as
 116 packet fragmentation and reassembly, routing, addressing, and basic transport
 117 for socket-based implementations.  Facilities for communicating using an
 118 Internet-family protocol are generally accessed by specifying the \fBAF_INET\fR
 119 address family when binding a socket; see \fBsocket\fR(3SOCKET) for details.
 120 .sp
 121 Major protocols in the Internet family include:
 122 .RS +4
 123 .TP
 124 .ie t \(bu
 125 .el o
 126 The Internet Protocol (IP) itself, which supports the universal datagram
 127 format, as described in \fBip\fR(7P). This is the default protocol for
 128 \fBSOCK_RAW\fR type sockets within the \fBAF_INET\fR domain.
 129 .RE
 130 .RS +4
 131 .TP
 132 .ie t \(bu
 133 .el o
 134 The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP); see \fBtcp\fR(7P). This is the default
 135 protocol for \fBSOCK_STREAM\fR type sockets.
 136 .RE
 137 .RS +4
 138 .TP
 139 .ie t \(bu
 140 .el o
 141 The User Datagram Protocol (UDP); see \fBudp\fR(7P). This is the default
 142 protocol for \fBSOCK_DGRAM\fR type sockets.
 143 .RE
 144 .RS +4
 145 .TP
 146 .ie t \(bu
 147 .el o
 148 The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP); see \fBarp\fR(7P).
 149 .RE
 150 .RS +4
 151 .TP
 152 .ie t \(bu
 153 .el o
 154 The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP); see \fBicmp\fR(7P).
 155 .RE
 156 .RE
 157 
 158 .SH SEE ALSO
 159 .sp
 160 .LP
 161 \fBadd_drv\fR(1M), \fBrem_drv\fR(1M), \fBIntro\fR(3), \fBioctl\fR(2),
 162 \fBsocket\fR(3SOCKET), \fBdriver.conf\fR(4), \fBarp\fR(7P), \fBicmp\fR(7P),
 163 \fBinet\fR(7P), \fBip\fR(7P), \fBmtio\fR(7I), \fBst\fR(7D), \fBstreamio\fR(7I),
 164 \fBtcp\fR(7P), \fBudp\fR(7P)
 165 .sp
 166 .LP
 167 \fISystem Administration Guide: IP Services\fR
 168 .sp
 169 .LP
 170 \fISTREAMS Programming Guide\fR
 171 .sp
 172 .LP
 173 \fIWriting Device Drivers\fR